Downloading files using Python is a common task in web scraping, automation, and data handling. Here are five different methods to download a file with Python, ranging from standard libraries to third-party tools.
1. Using requests
import requests
url = 'https://example.com/file.zip'
response = requests.get(url)
with open('file.zip', 'wb') as f:
f.write(response.content)
This is one of the most popular and simple ways. The requests
library is user-friendly and handles redirects, cookies, and sessions well.
2. Using urllib
(Standard Library)
import urllib.request
url = 'https://example.com/file.zip'
urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, 'file.zip')
This method uses only the Python standard library. It's suitable for quick scripts without installing additional packages.
3. Using wget
Module
import wget
url = 'https://example.com/file.zip'
filename = wget.download(url)
wget
is a simple and lightweight module perfect for downloading files with progress indication.
4. Using aiohttp
for Asynchronous Download
import aiohttp
import asyncio
async def download_file(url, filename):
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
async with session.get(url) as resp:
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
while True:
chunk = await resp.content.read(1024)
if not chunk:
break
f.write(chunk)
url = 'https://example.com/file.zip'
asyncio.run(download_file(url, 'file.zip'))
For concurrent or non-blocking downloads, aiohttp
is the go-to solution using Python’s asyncio
.
5. Using httpx
(Asynchronous + Modern Alternative)
import httpx
url = 'https://example.com/file.zip'
with httpx.Client() as client:
response = client.get(url)
with open('file.zip', 'wb') as f:
f.write(response.content)
httpx
is a modern alternative to requests
with support for both sync and async HTTP requests.
Conclusion
Whether you're working on quick scripts or building scalable applications, Python offers multiple ways to download files effectively. Choose the method that fits your use case in terms of simplicity, performance, or concurrency.